Do squirrels like thistle seed? - The Environmental Literacy Council (2025)

The short answer is: generally, no, squirrels do not like thistle seed (also known as nyjer seed). While there are exceptions to every rule, most squirrels will avoid this particular seed. This is good news for bird enthusiasts who want to attract finches and other small birds without feeding the local squirrel population. However, it’s not a foolproof method, and there are other factors to consider when trying to keep squirrels away from your bird feeders. Let’s dive deeper into why squirrels typically avoid thistle seed, and what other options you might consider.

Why Squirrels Usually Dislike Thistle Seed

The main reason squirrels tend to ignore nyjer seed is its size and texture. These tiny, black seeds are much smaller and less substantial than the nuts and large seeds that squirrels usually prefer. Squirrels are also naturally drawn to foods with high fat content, which are energy-rich. While nyjer seeds do have a good mix of protein, fat, and fiber for birds, their low volume and small size don’t offer a particularly rewarding meal for a hungry squirrel. Their size makes them inefficient for squirrels to handle.

However, it’s important to note that a very hungry squirrel might eat just about anything. If food sources are scarce, even thistle seed might become an option. Therefore, while it’s generally a good way to deter squirrels, it’s not a guarantee that they’ll leave it alone entirely. It’s also crucial to prevent nyjer seed from reaching the ground, as this seed can attract mice, which can become an issue in your yard.

The Difference Between Thistle and Nyjer Seed

Many people use “thistle” and “nyjer” interchangeably, which can cause confusion. Nyjer seed is the actual term for the tiny black seed used in bird feeding. It comes from the African yellow daisy and is sometimes incorrectly referred to as thistle because it’s a favorite of many finches that are seen feeding on true thistle plants in the wild. The term “Nyjer” was trademarked to clear up this confusion.

What Does This Mean For Your Bird Feeding Efforts?

The fact that squirrels generally don’t eat nyjer seed makes it a valuable addition to your bird feeding setup. By offering thistle seed, you can specifically target birds like goldfinches, pine siskins, dark-eyed juncos, and chickadees. These smaller birds thrive on the high-calorie content of nyjer seeds, especially in colder months.

Choosing the Right Feeder

To effectively dispense nyjer seed, you’ll need a specialized feeder. These feeders have small holes or mesh openings designed to prevent the tiny seeds from spilling out, preventing waste. Using an appropriate feeder helps you make the most of your nyjer seed and minimize the chance of attracting rodents.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. What seeds do squirrels typically avoid?

Besides nyjer seed, squirrels are generally not fond of millet, safflower, canary seed, and canola seed. However, it’s essential to remember that a hungry squirrel is less picky.

2. What is a squirrel’s favorite food?

Squirrels’ favorite natural foods include hickory nuts, pecans, black walnuts, and acorns. When it comes to feeder food, they are particularly drawn to black oil sunflower seeds.

3. Will squirrels eat anything if they are hungry enough?

Yes, this is a key consideration. While they might avoid certain foods typically, if a squirrel is sufficiently hungry, it will try anything that provides nourishment.

4. How do I keep squirrels away from my bird feeders?

Apart from using seeds they dislike like nyjer, you can try mixing hot pepper (capsicum) into your birdseed mix. It will deter squirrels without harming birds. You can also consider using squirrel-proof feeders.

5. Does thistle seed attract rodents?

While squirrels generally don’t eat thistle seed, mice do. It’s important not to let thistle seed accumulate on the ground to avoid attracting these rodents. Safflower seeds are also enjoyed by mice.

6. What birds eat nyjer (thistle) seed?

American goldfinches, pine siskins, dark-eyed juncos, and chickadees are among the birds that love nyjer seeds. These seeds are a high-calorie option, particularly during winter.

7. What’s the best bird seed that squirrels won’t eat?

White proso millet seed is a favorite of mourning doves and house finches but is generally ignored by squirrels. Safflower seed is also a good option, as squirrels often find it bitter. Capsaicin-covered seed is another choice, as it irritates squirrels but doesn’t harm birds.

8. Do finches prefer nyjer or thistle seed?

Finches highly prefer nyjer seed. They are perfectly designed to eat this tiny seed, hence the use of specialized feeders for its use.

9. Are nyjer and thistle seed the same thing?

While often used interchangeably, nyjer is the correct term for the seed used in bird feeding. The name “thistle” was often used to associate it with the thistle plant that finches are seen feeding on in the wild.

10. Why won’t finches eat my old thistle seed?

Old nyjer seed will dry out and lose its oils, making it unappealing to finches. If the seed doesn’t release oil when you pinch it, it’s likely too old. Use fresh seed for best results.

11. What animals might be eating my birdseed at night?

Many animals feed at night including raccoons, mice, rats, rabbits, skunks, foxes, deer, opossums, flying squirrels, and even bears.

12. Do squirrels keep rats away?

No, squirrels are not effective in keeping rats away. Additionally, having too many squirrels can lead to other issues similar to those caused by mice or rats.

13. Does thistle seed create a mess?

Yes, the hulls of nyjer seeds can accumulate under feeders, potentially smothering grass and other plants. Using the correct feeder helps reduce this issue.

14. What are some scents that squirrels dislike?

Squirrels are known to dislike scents like peppermint oil, capsaicin, coffee grounds, white vinegar, garlic, cinnamon, predator urine, Irish Spring soap, dryer sheets, and rosemary.

15. Why is thistle seed so expensive?

Nyjer seed is relatively expensive due to the transport costs from tropical regions and because it’s heat-sterilized to eliminate weed seeds.

Conclusion

While no single solution is 100% guaranteed to keep squirrels away from bird feeders, understanding that squirrels typically dislike nyjer seed (thistle seed) can help you be more effective in your bird-feeding endeavors. By providing this seed in specialized feeders and using other squirrel deterrents, you can better cater to your feathered visitors while making your yard less appealing to these furry critters. Remember, fresh seed and correct feeder usage is key to achieving your desired outcomes.